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Saussurea involucrata Kar. et Kir. et Maxim.
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Description
Saussurea is a genus of about 300 species of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae,
native to cool temperate and arctic regions of Asia, Europe, and North America, with the
highest diversity in alpine habitats in the Himalaya and central Asia. Common names
include saw-wort and snow lotus, the latter used for a number of high altitude species in
central Asia.
They are perennial herbaceous plants, ranging in height from dwarf alpine species 5-10
cm tall, to tall thistle-like plants up to 3 m tall. The leaves are produced in a dense basal
rosette, and then spirally up the flowering stem. The flowers form in a dense head of
small capitula, often completely surrounded in dense white to purple woolly hairs; the
individual florets are also white to purple. The wool is densest in the high altitude
species, and aid in thermoregulation of the flowers, minimising frost damage at night,
and also preventing ultraviolet light damage from the intense high altitude sunlight.
Uses
A number of the high alpine Himalayan species are grown as ornamental plants for their
decorative dense woolly flowerheads; they are among the most challenging plants to
grow, being adapted to harsh climates from 3500-5000 m altitude, demanding cool
temperatures, a very long (up to 8-10 months) winter rest period, and very good soil
drainage in humus-rich gravel soils.
Medicinal Uses
Costi amari radix or costus root was an important item of Roman trade with India, and is
believed to have been the dried root of Saussurea lappa.[1] Saussurea lappa is used as an
anti-inflammatory drug, and a component of the traditional Tibetan medicine Padma 28,
and has been shown to inhibit the mRNA expression of iNOS by lipopolysaccharide
stimulated macrophages, thus reducing nitric oxide production. In rats, 50-200
milligrams per kilogram of crude ethanolic extract reduced observed inflammation in
standard laboratory tests, and 25-100 milligrams per kilogram of the sesquiterpene
fraction of the extract reduced several molecular markers of inflammation.[2][3]
Saussurea involucrata flowers and stems have long been used in traditional Chinese
medicine for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, cough with cold, stomachache,
dysmenorrhea, and altitude sickness, and has been found to have antiinflammatory,
cardiotonic, abortifacient, anticancer, and antifatigue actions.[4] Ethanol extracts were
shown to have analgesic and antiinflammatory effects at doses of 75-300 milligrams per
kilogram. As the slow-growing wild plant is endangered by collections, a substitute
grown in tissue culture has been suggested, which is mostly equivalent. Generally the
analgesic and antiinflammatory effects of the plant are much inferior to those of 10
milligrams of indomethacin.
Saussurea is a genus of about 300 species of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae,
native to cool temperate and arctic regions of Asia, Europe, and North America, with the
highest diversity in alpine habitats in the Himalaya and central Asia. Common names
include saw-wort and snow lotus, the latter used for a number of high altitude species in
central Asia.
They are perennial herbaceous plants, ranging in height from dwarf alpine species 5-10
cm tall, to tall thistle-like plants up to 3 m tall. The leaves are produced in a dense basal
rosette, and then spirally up the flowering stem. The flowers form in a dense head of
small capitula, often completely surrounded in dense white to purple woolly hairs; the
individual florets are also white to purple. The wool is densest in the high altitude
species, and aid in thermoregulation of the flowers, minimising frost damage at night,
and also preventing ultraviolet light damage from the intense high altitude sunlight.
Uses
A number of the high alpine Himalayan species are grown as ornamental plants for their
decorative dense woolly flowerheads; they are among the most challenging plants to
grow, being adapted to harsh climates from 3500-5000 m altitude, demanding cool
temperatures, a very long (up to 8-10 months) winter rest period, and very good soil
drainage in humus-rich gravel soils.
Medicinal Uses
Costi amari radix or costus root was an important item of Roman trade with India, and is
believed to have been the dried root of Saussurea lappa.[1] Saussurea lappa is used as an
anti-inflammatory drug, and a component of the traditional Tibetan medicine Padma 28,
and has been shown to inhibit the mRNA expression of iNOS by lipopolysaccharide
stimulated macrophages, thus reducing nitric oxide production. In rats, 50-200
milligrams per kilogram of crude ethanolic extract reduced observed inflammation in
standard laboratory tests, and 25-100 milligrams per kilogram of the sesquiterpene
fraction of the extract reduced several molecular markers of inflammation.[2][3]
Saussurea involucrata flowers and stems have long been used in traditional Chinese
medicine for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, cough with cold, stomachache,
dysmenorrhea, and altitude sickness, and has been found to have antiinflammatory,
cardiotonic, abortifacient, anticancer, and antifatigue actions.[4] Ethanol extracts were
shown to have analgesic and antiinflammatory effects at doses of 75-300 milligrams per
kilogram. As the slow-growing wild plant is endangered by collections, a substitute
grown in tissue culture has been suggested, which is mostly equivalent. Generally the
analgesic and antiinflammatory effects of the plant are much inferior to those of 10
milligrams of indomethacin.
CN, Северо-Запад